Week 1

Environment setup

How Java works

Types and Variables

Arrays

Basic IO

Control Flow

Packages

OOP in Java

Static Members

Practice

Assignment

• Teachers

Back end Track

Week 1 Assignment — Student Grade Manager

📋 Overview

You will build a command-line Student Grade Manager for a fictional school. The program allows a school administrator to register students, record their module grades, view reports, and look up individual students — all from the terminal.

This assignment is designed to take 2–3 days. Read the full brief before writing any code.

🎯 What You Will Practise

• Package structure and imports
• Class design with encapsulation
• Static fields, constants, utility methods
• Arrays and iteration
• Control flow — loops, conditionals, switch
• User input with Scanner
• Formatted output with printf
• Data types, casting, type safety

🏫 Domain — HYF Academy

You are building a grade management tool for HYF Academy. The academy runs a backend track with the following fixed modules:

1. Java Basics
2. Control Flow
3. OOP Fundamentals
4. Arrays & Collections
5. Input & Output

Each module is graded on a scale of 0–100. A student passes a module with a grade of 55 or above. A student passes the overall track if their average grade is 60 or above.

📦 Required Package Structure

Your project must follow this package structure:

com.hyfacademy
├── model
│   └── Student.java
├── service
│   └── GradeService.java
├── util
│   └── GradeUtils.java
└── Main.java

🔧 Specification

Student — com.hyfacademy.model

A Student represents one enrolled student.

Fields (all private):

• name (String)
• studentId (String) — format: "HYF-001", "HYF-002", etc.
• grades (int[]) — one grade per module, fixed size of 5

Static field:

• totalStudents (int) — incremented every time a Student is created

Constructors:

• Student(String name, String studentId) — initialises grades as an array of 5 zeros

Getters: for all fields Setter:

• setGrade(int moduleIndex, int grade) — validates that moduleIndex is between 0–4 and grade is between 0–100; prints an error message and does nothing if invalid

Methods:

• getTotalStudents() — static, returns the count of students created
• toString() — returns a single-line summary: "[HYF-001] Alice — Avg: 72.40 — PASS"

GradeUtils — com.hyfacademy.util

A utility class (private constructor, all static methods) for grade calculations and formatting.

Constants (static final):

• MODULE_PASS_MARK = 55 (int)
• TRACK_PASS_AVERAGE = 60.0 (double)
• MODULE_COUNT = 5 (int)
• MODULE_NAMES — a String[] containing the five module names listed above

Methods:

• calculateAverage(int[] grades) — returns the average as a double
• isPassing(double average) — returns true if average is ≥ TRACK_PASS_AVERAGE
• isModulePassing(int grade) — returns true if grade ≥ MODULE_PASS_MARK
• getLetterGrade(double average) — returns a letter grade:
  • 90–100 → "A", 80–89 → "B", 70–79 → "C", 60–69 → "D", below 60 → "F"
• formatGrade(int grade) — returns the grade as a right-aligned 3-character string (e.g. " 87", "100")

GradeService — com.hyfacademy.service

The service layer that manages the list of students and drives the application logic.

Fields (all private):

• students (Student[]) — fixed-size array, maximum 20 students
• studentCount (int) — tracks how many students have been added
• scanner (Scanner) — one shared Scanner instance

Static constant:

• MAX_STUDENTS = 20 (int)

Methods:

• addStudent() — prompts for name and auto-generates the student ID ("HYF-001", "HYF-002", etc.)
• enterGrades() — prompts the user to select a student by ID, then enter a grade for each of the 5 modules one by one
• viewAllStudents() — prints a formatted table of all students (see output format below)
• viewStudentReport()— prompts for a student ID and prints a detailed report for that student (see output format below)
• findStudentById(String id) — private helper, returns the matching Student or null
• run() — the main loop that shows the menu and handles input until the user exits

Main — com.hyfacademy

The entry point. Creates a GradeService and calls run().

public class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        GradeService service = new GradeService();
        service.run();
    }
}

🖥️ Required Output Formats

Main Menu

╔══════════════════════════════════════╗
║         HYF ACADEMY — GRADE MGR      ║
╚══════════════════════════════════════╝
  1. Add student
  2. Enter grades
  3. View all students
  4. View student report
  5. Exit
══════════════════════════════════════
Choose an option:

View All Students Table

══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
  ID         NAME                 AVERAGE   GRADE   STATUS
══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
  HYF-001    Alice van der Berg    82.40      B      PASS
  HYF-002    Bob Jansen            53.20      F      FAIL
  HYF-003    Carol de Groot        91.00      A      PASS
══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
  Total students: 3   Passing: 2   Failing: 1
══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════

Student Report

══════════════════════════════════════
  STUDENT REPORT
══════════════════════════════════════
  ID      : HYF-001
  Name    : Alice van der Berg
──────────────────────────────────────
  MODULE GRADES
──────────────────────────────────────
  Java Basics           :  88   PASS
  Control Flow          :  76   PASS
  OOP Fundamentals      :  91   PASS
  Arrays & Collections  :  70   PASS
  Input & Output        :  87   PASS
──────────────────────────────────────
  Average  :  82.40
  Grade    :  B
  Status   :  ✓ PASS
══════════════════════════════════════

📋 Requirements Checklist

Functionality

• [ ] Students can be added up to a maximum of 20
• [ ] Student IDs are auto-generated in the correct format
• [ ] Grades are validated (0–100, module index 0–4)
• [ ] All five menu options work correctly
• [ ] The program keeps running until the user selects Exit
• [ ] Entering grades for a student who doesn't exist shows a clear error message
• [ ] Viewing all students when none have been added shows a friendly message

Code Structure

• [ ] Package structure matches the specification exactly
• [ ] Student fields are all private with appropriate getters/setters
• [ ] GradeUtils has a private constructor and all methods are static
• [ ] GradeService uses GradeUtils methods — no duplicate grade logic
• [ ] static is used only where appropriate (not to avoid writing proper OOP)